WAEC 2026 Agricultural Science Practical (Paper 3) Answers for Nigerian Students

This guide provides well-structured answers and key points for the WAEC 2026 Agricultural Science Practical (Paper 3), arranged clearly by question number to help Nigerian students revise and understand what examiners expect.

Question Paper Images

Number One

1(a) — Factors Affecting the Quality of Poultry Droppings as Manure (Pick Any Four)

• Type of feed given to the poultry birds.
• Age of the poultry birds.
• Method and duration of storage.
• Moisture/water content of the droppings.
• Health status of the birds.
• Presence of contaminants such as sand, feathers or litter materials.
• Method of collection and handling.
• Degree of decomposition before use.

1(b) — How Water Affects Limestone (Pick Any Four)

• Water dissolves limestone gradually (solution weathering).
• Water reacts with carbon dioxide to form weak carbonic acid which dissolves limestone.
• Running water wears away limestone by abrasion.
• Water entering cracks may cause disintegration of limestone through repeated wetting and drying.
• Floodwater may break and transport limestone particles.
• Water can carry dissolved acids that chemically attack limestone.
• Freeze-thaw action of water in cracks may cause rock fragmentation.
• Underground water may enlarge cracks and joints in limestone.

1(c) — Importance of Water to Crops (Pick Any Four)

• It is required for seed germination.
• It is needed for photosynthesis.
• It helps in the transport of nutrients within the plant.
• It maintains plant turgidity and prevents wilting.
• It aids absorption of mineral nutrients from the soil.
• It regulates plant temperature through transpiration.
• It serves as a medium for metabolic activities in plants.
• It promotes healthy growth and development of crops.

1(d) — Organisms that Cause Bioturbation in Soil (Any Three)

• Plant roots.
• Earthworms.
• Termites.

Number Two

2(a) — Uses of Farm Tools/Equipment

E (Dibber/Planting stick): (Pick Any One)

• Used for making planting holes for seeds.
• Used for transplanting seedlings.
• Used for spacing plants correctly in the field.
• Used for planting bulbs and cuttings.
• Used for marking planting positions in nursery beds.

G (Weighing Scale): (Pick Any One)

• Used for measuring the weight of farm produce.
• Used for weighing livestock feeds.
• Used for weighing fertilizers before application.
• Used for determining market value of produce based on weight.
• Used for measuring harvested products for storage and transport.

H (Watering Can): (Pick Any One)

• Used for watering crops and seedlings.
• Used for applying liquid fertilizers to crops.
• Used for watering nursery beds.
• Used for maintaining soil moisture around plants.
• Used for applying certain pesticides and herbicides in liquid form.

2(b) — Drawing

Candidates are required to draw the specimen as instructed in the question paper.

2(c) — Related Farm Equipment

E (Dibber):

• Hand trowel
• Garden fork

H (Watering Can):

• Hose pipe
• Irrigation sprinkler

2(d) — Precautions When Using a Weighing Scale

• Place the weighing scale on a flat and stable surface before use.
• Do not overload the scale beyond its capacity.

Number Three

3(a) — Identification of Specimens

J: Pineapple (whole fruit)

K: Cassava rubber (Cassava tuber)

L: Cotton lint with seeds

3(b) — Methods of Propagating Pineapple (J) — Pick Any Three

• Suckers
• Slips
• Crowns
• Ratoons
• Stem cuttings
• Tissue-cultured plantlets

3(c) — Uses of Specimens

J (Pineapple) — Pick Any Three:

• Consumed as fresh fruit.
• Used for making fruit juice and beverages.
• Used in the production of jam, wine and canned fruit.
• Used in making fruit salad.
• Source of vitamins, especially Vitamin C.
• Used in confectioneries and desserts.
• Generates income through commercial production and sale.

K (Cassava tuber) — Pick Any Three:

• Used for making garri.
• Used for producing fufu/akpu.
• Used as livestock feed after processing.
• Used for producing cassava flour.
• Used for making starch.
• Used in the production of ethanol/alcohol.
• Source of carbohydrates for humans.

L (Cotton lint with seeds) — Pick Any Three:

• Used in the textile industry for making clothes and fabrics.
• Used for making mattresses, pillows and bandages.
• Cotton seeds are processed to produce cottonseed oil.
• Cotton seed cake is used as livestock feed.
• Used for making ropes and threads.
• Used in the manufacture of fishing nets.
• Used as raw material in paper production.

Number Four

4(a)(i) — Nutrient Class of Specimen N (Fish Meal) and P (Guinea Grass)

Protein

4(a)(ii) — Other Sources of the Same Nutrient Class

• Soybean meal
• Cotton seed cake
• Palm kernel cake

4(b) — Nutritive Values of Specimens

N (Fish Meal):

• Very high crude protein content (60–72%).
• Rich in essential amino acids (lysine, methionine).
• Good source of calcium and phosphorus for bone development.
• Rich in protein.
• Contains essential amino acids.
• Rich in minerals such as calcium and phosphorus.

P (Guinea Grass):

• Moderate crude protein content (7–12% when fresh).
• Good source of carbohydrates/energy for ruminants.
• Contains minerals and vitamins that support animal health.
• Rich in crude fibre.
• Contains carbohydrates that supply energy.
• Contains vitamins and minerals.

4(c) — Animals that Feed on Guinea Grass (P)

• Cattle
• Goats
• Sheep

4(d) — Methods of Preserving Guinea Grass (P)

• Hay-making: cutting and sun-drying the grass to reduce moisture content.
• Silage-making: fermenting the grass under anaerobic conditions for preservation.
• Hay making (drying and storing).
• Silage making (ensiling).
• Artificial drying using dryers.
• Chopping and storing in a dry, well-ventilated barn.
• Conversion into grass meal and storing in bags.